Cookies on this website

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click 'Accept all cookies' we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you won't see this message again. If you click 'Reject all non-essential cookies' only necessary cookies providing core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility will be enabled. Click 'Find out more' for information on how to change your cookie settings.

Outcomes for patients diagnosed with early breast cancer in developed countries have improved substantially over recent decades. Adjuvant therapies have contributed to this improvement and their benefits have been confirmed in large randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses. Lower event rates, whilst welcome, have created problems for RCTs, that need to be larger and often take longer to provide a reliable result. In an effort to maintain the rate of progress and to obviate the complexity, cost and time required to conduct large RCTs, there has been an increased tendency to rely on observational data to determine a treatment effect and also to accelerate progress by the use of a surrogate marker (pathological complete remission after neoadjuvant chemotherapy). We highlight the pitfalls in these approaches and suggest some simplifications in the conduct of RCTs.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.ejca.2017.03.005

Type

Journal article

Journal

Eur J Cancer

Publication Date

06/2017

Volume

78

Pages

24 - 27

Keywords

Breast cancer, Clinical trials, Observational studies, Randomised trials, Surrogate markers, Biomarkers, Tumor, Breast Neoplasms, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Humans, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Observational Studies as Topic, Prognosis, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors