The nuclear hormone receptor superfamily is composed of a group of hormone-dependent transcription factors that play prominent roles in homeostatic events in vertebrates. A prerequisite for steroid hormone receptor activity is the binding of co-activator molecules to the activation function-2 domain of the receptor. The LXXLL motif/nuclear receptor box, contained within a number of co-activator molecules, mediates the interaction with nuclear hormone receptors. Tip60 (Tat-interactive protein 60 kDa), previously shown to bind to and enhance androgen receptor (AR)-mediated transactivation, contains a single nuclear receptor box at its extreme C terminus. We demonstrate that unlike members of the p160 co-activator family that interact predominantly with the N terminus of the AR in an LXXLL motif-independent manner, the LXXLL motif of Tip60 is required and is sufficient for AR interaction. Furthermore, by using the mammalian two-hybrid system and transient transfection experiments, we show that Tip60 preferentially interacts with and up-regulates class I nuclear receptors, suggesting that Tip60 is a steroid hormone receptor-specific co-activator. We conclude that Tip60 may specifically regulate a subset of nuclear hormone receptors, giving an indication to how regulated nuclear receptor activation can be achieved.
Journal article
J Biol Chem
14/12/2001
276
46841 - 46848
Acetyltransferases, Amino Acid Motifs, Animals, COS Cells, Cell Nucleus, Dimerization, Histone Acetyltransferases, Leucine, Ligands, Lysine Acetyltransferase 5, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Mutation, Plasmids, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Precipitin Tests, Protein Binding, Protein Biosynthesis, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Receptors, Cell Surface, Transcription, Genetic, Transcriptional Activation, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Up-Regulation