Distinct Cytokine Responses in Central and Systemic Compartments after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.
Bandyopadhyay S., Gaastra B., Zolnourian A., Garland P., Wu C-H., Galea I., Bulters D.
INTRODUCTION: Neuroinflammation may contribute to outcomes following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine data is limited and its relationship with systemic inflammation is unknown. This study compares the inflammatory responses in CSF and plasma compartments, and their associations with outcome. METHODS: Ten cytokines were measured in CSF and plasma from 98 SAH patients and 18 control patients. Outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Outcome Tool (SAHOT) at days 7, 28, 90 and 180. Regression analyses and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. RESULTS: Median levels of all CSF cytokines and plasma IL-6 were higher in SAH patients than controls (p