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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Improving patient outcomes from major urological surgery requires not only advancement in surgical technique and technology, but also the practice of patient-centered, multidisciplinary, and integrated medical care of these patients from the moment of contemplation of surgery until full recovery. This review examines the evidence for recent developments in preoperative assessment and optimization that is of relevance to major urological surgery. RECENT FINDINGS: Current perioperative medicine recommendations aim to improve the short-term safety and long-term effectiveness of surgical treatments by the delivery of multidisciplinary integrated medical care. New strategies to deliver this aim include preoperative risk stratification using a frailty index and cardiopulmonary exercise testing for patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery (including radical cystectomy), preoperative management of iron deficiency and anemia, and preoperative exercise intervention. Proof of the utility and validity for improving surgical outcomes through advances in preoperative care is still evolving. Evidence-based developments in this field are likely to benefit patients undergoing major urological surgery, but further research targeted at high-risk patients undergoing specific urological operations is required.

Original publication

DOI

10.1007/s11934-017-0701-z

Type

Journal article

Journal

Curr Urol Rep

Publication Date

07/2017

Volume

18

Keywords

CPET, Cystectomy, Nephrectomy, Nephroureterectomy, Preoperative assessment, Urological surgery, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency, Cystectomy, Deficiency Diseases, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Iron, Nephrectomy, Nephroureterectomy, Physical Fitness, Preoperative Care, Prostatectomy, Risk Assessment, Urologic Surgical Procedures