Peter McCulloch

• CONSORT Statement for Randomized Trials of Nonpharmacologic Treatments: A 2017 Update and a CONSORT Extension for Nonpharmacologic Trial Abstracts.

  Journal article

  Boutron I. et al, (2017), Ann Intern Med, 167, 40 - 47

• Deriving optimal value from each system.

  Journal article

  Gray M. et al, (2017), J R Soc Med, 110, 283 - 286

• Hey, I Just Did a Better Operation! Toward an IDEAL Innovation Model.

  Journal article

  Sood A. et al, (2017), Ann Surg, 266

• Cross-sectional observational study of the availability of evidence supporting novel implantable devices used in gastrointestinal surgery.

  Journal article

  Chapman SJ. et al, (2017), Br J Surg, 104, 734 - 741

• Evaluation of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids: an IDEAL prospective exploration study.

  Journal article

  Chen J. et al, (2017), BJOG

• A before-after study of multidisciplinary Out-of-Hours handover: combining management and frontline efforts to create sustainable improvement.

  Journal article

  Pennell C. et al, (2017), Int J Qual Health Care, 29, 228 - 233

• Intentional Rounding: a staff-led quality improvement intervention in the prevention of patient falls.

  Journal article

  Morgan L. et al, (2017), J Clin Nurs, 26, 115 - 124

• Combining Systems and Teamwork Approaches to Enhance the Effectiveness of Safety Improvement Interventions in Surgery: The Safer Delivery of Surgical Services (S3) Program.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2017), Ann Surg, 265, 90 - 96

• The Safer Delivery of Surgical Services Program (S3): Explaining Its Differential Effectiveness and Exploring Implications for Improving Quality in Complex Systems.

  Journal article

  Flynn LC. et al, (2016), Ann Surg, 264, 997 - 1003

• Very large treatment effects in randomised trials as an empirical marker to indicate whether subsequent trials are necessary: meta-epidemiological assessment.

  Journal article

  Nagendran M. et al, (2016), BMJ, 355

• Levels of evidence in plastic surgery—bibliometric trends and comparison with five other surgical specialties

  Journal article

  Agha RA. et al, (2016), European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 39, 365 - 370

• Letter to the Editor: Methodological advances in randomized trials.

  Journal article

  Kolias AG. et al, (2016), J Neurosurg, 125, 512 - 514

• Patient safety and rocket science.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2016), BMJ Qual Saf, 25, 562 - 564

• IDEAL-D: a rational framework for evaluating and regulating the use of medical devices.

  Journal article

  Sedrakyan A. et al, (2016), BMJ, 353

• Practical guide to the Idea, Development and Exploration stages of the IDEAL Framework and Recommendations.

  Journal article

  Pennell CP. et al, (2016), Br J Surg, 103, 607 - 615

• Adapting the IDEAL Framework and Recommendations for medical device evaluation: A modified Delphi survey.

  Journal article

  Pennell CP. et al, (2016), Int J Surg, 28, 141 - 148

• [Better Reporting of Interventions: Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checklist and Guide].

  Journal article

  Hoffmann TC. et al, (2016), Gesundheitswesen, 78, 175 - 188

• Does malalignment affect patient reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of the literature.

  Journal article

  Hadi M. et al, (2016), Springerplus, 5

• Lean Participative Process Improvement: Outcomes and Obstacles in Trauma Orthopaedics.

  Journal article

  New S. et al, (2016), PLoS One, 11

• Foundations for evidence-based intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring.

  Journal article

  Howick J. et al, (2016), Clin Neurophysiol, 127, 81 - 90

• Ontogeny of a surgical technique: Robotic kidney transplantation with regional hypothermia.

  Journal article

  Sood A. et al, (2016), Int J Surg, 25, 158 - 161

• Combining Systems and Teamwork Approaches to Enhance the Effectiveness of Safety Improvement Interventions in Surgery: The Safer Delivery of Surgical Services (S3) Program.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2015), Ann Surg

• Levels of Evidence in Plastic Surgery: Trends and Comparison with 5 Other Surgical Specialties

  Conference paper

  Whitehurst K. et al, (2015), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, 221, S115 - S116

• The Effectiveness of Public Simulated Oral Examinations in Preparation for the American Board of Surgery Certifying Examination: A Systematic Review.

  Journal article

  Pennell C. and McCulloch P., (2015), J Surg Educ, 72, 1026 - 1031

• Extent of lymph node dissection for adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

  Journal article

  Mocellin S. et al, (2015), Cochrane Database Syst Rev

• Clarifying the interrupted time series study design: the author's reply.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2015), BMJ Qual Saf, 24, 475 - 476

• The IDEAL prospective development study format for reporting surgical innovations. An illustrative case study of robotic oesophagectomy.

  Journal article

  Diez del Val I. et al, (2015), Int J Surg, 19, 104 - 111

• The impact of feedback of intraoperative technical performance in surgery: a systematic review.

  Journal article

  Trehan A. et al, (2015), BMJ Open, 5

• Hey, I Just Did a Better Operation! Toward an Ideal Innovation Model.

  Journal article

  Sood A. et al, (2015), Ann Surg

• Implementing novel trial methods to evaluate surgery for essential tremor.

  Journal article

  Hyam JA. et al, (2015), Br J Neurosurg, 29, 334 - 339

• The effect of teamwork training on team performance and clinical outcome in elective orthopaedic surgery: a controlled interrupted time series study

  Internet publication

  McCulloch P. et al, (2015), BMJ Quality and Safety, BMJ Open, 006216

• The effect of teamwork training on team performance and clinical outcome in elective orthopaedic surgery: a controlled interrupted time series study.

  Journal article

  Morgan L. et al, (2015), BMJ Open, 5

• The influence of volume and experience on individual surgical performance: a systematic review.

  Journal article

  Maruthappu M. et al, (2015), Ann Surg, 261, 642 - 647

• The impact of feedback of surgical outcome data on surgical performance: a systematic review.

  Journal article

  Maruthappu M. et al, (2015), World J Surg, 39, 879 - 889

• A combined teamwork training and work standardisation intervention in operating theatres: controlled interrupted time series study.

  Journal article

  Morgan L. et al, (2015), BMJ Qual Saf, 24, 111 - 119

• Effectiveness of facilitated introduction of a standard operating procedure into routine processes in the operating theatre: a controlled interrupted time series.

  Journal article

  Morgan L. et al, (2015), BMJ Qual Saf, 24, 120 - 127

• Evaluation and Improvement of Surgical Mortality and Morbidity Meetings

  Conference paper

  Stedman F. et al, (2015), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 102, 281 - 281

• Quality Improvement in Surgery Combining Lean Improvement Methods with Teamwork Training: A Controlled Before-After Study.

  Journal article

  Robertson E. et al, (2015), PLoS One, 10

• Does malalignment affect revision rate in total knee replacements: a systematic review of the literature.

  Journal article

  Hadi M. et al, (2015), Springerplus, 4

• The impact of feedback of surgical outcome data on surgical performance: A systematic review

  Journal article

  Maruthappu M. et al, (2015), World Journal of Surgery, 39, 879 - 889

• Can Good Non-Technical Skills During Surgery Improve Patient Outcomes? A Prospective Observational Study

  Conference paper

  Hadi M. et al, (2015), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 102, 283 - 283

• The Impact of Feedback on Surgical Performance: A Systematic Review

  Conference paper

  Maruthappu M. et al, (2015), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 102, 48 - 48

• Peer review report 1 on "constipation is not associated with diverticular disease - Analysis of 976 patients".

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2015), Int J Surg, 13 Suppl 1

• Effectiveness of facilitated introduction of a standard operating procedure into routine processes in the operating theatre: a controlled interrupted time series

  Internet publication

  McCulloch P. et al, (2014), BMJ, Effectiveness of facilitated introduction of a standard operating procedure into routine processes in the operating theatre: a controlled interrupted time series , 003158

• Systematic review of methodological quality of individual performance measurement in surgery.

  Journal article

  Maruthappu M. et al, (2014), Br J Surg, 101, 1491 - 1498

• The influence of experience on individual surgical performance: a systematic review

  Conference paper

  Gilbert B. et al, (2014), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, 219, E164 - E164

• Does feedback of surgical outcome data improve surgical performance? A systematic review

  Conference paper

  Trehan A. et al, (2014), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, 219, E148 - E148

• A plan for whole-life-cycle scientific evaluation of surgical innovation: the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term study (IDEAL) recommendations

  Conference paper

  McCulloch P. et al, (2014), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, 219, E160 - E160

• Republished: creating a safe, reliable hospital at night handover: a case study in implementation science.

  Journal article

  McQuillan A. et al, (2014), Postgrad Med J, 90, 493 - 501

• A combined teamwork training and work standardisation intervention in operating theatres: controlled interrupted time series study

  Internet publication

  McCulloch P. et al, (2014), BMJ Quality and Safety, A combined teamwork training and work standardisation intervention in operating theatres: controlled interrupted time series study , 3204

• Interventions employed to improve intrahospital handover: a systematic review.

  Journal article

  Robertson ER. et al, (2014), BMJ Qual Saf, 23, 600 - 607

• Creating a safe, reliable hospital at night handover: a case study in implementation science.

  Journal article

  McQuillan A. et al, (2014), BMJ Qual Saf, 23, 465 - 473

• Application of the IDEAL framework to robotic urologic surgery.

  Journal article

  Dahm P. et al, (2014), Eur Urol, 65, 849 - 851

• REPORTING BEHAVIOR CHANGE INTERVENTIONS: THE TIDIER INTERDISCIPLINARY CHECKLIST OF THE MINIMUM RECOMMENDED INFORMATION

  Journal article

  Johnston M. et al, (2014), ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, 47, S158 - S158

• Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide.

  Journal article

  Hoffmann TC. et al, (2014), BMJ, 348

• Surgery as a scientific discipline and the IDEAL Collaboration

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2014), Cirugia Espanola, 92, 71 - 73

• [Surgery as a scientific discipline and the IDEAL Collaboration].

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2014), Cir Esp, 92, 71 - 73

• Oxford NOTECHS II: a modified theatre team non-technical skills scoring system.

  Journal article

  Robertson ER. et al, (2014), PLoS One, 9

• Application of the IDEAL framework to robotic urologic surgery

  Journal article

  Dahm P. et al, (2014), European Urology, 65, 849 - 851

• Poor adherence of randomised trials in surgery to CONSORT guidelines for non-pharmacological treatments (NPT): a cross-sectional study.

  Journal article

  Nagendran M. et al, (2013), BMJ Open, 3

• Capturing intraoperative process deviations using a direct observational approach: the glitch method.

  Journal article

  Morgan L. et al, (2013), BMJ Open, 3

• Effective prevention of thromboembolic complications in emergency surgery patients using a quality improvement approach.

  Journal article

  Kreckler S. et al, (2013), BMJ Qual Saf, 22, 916 - 922

• Compliance and use of the World Health Organization checklist in U.K. operating theatres.

  Journal article

  Pickering SP. et al, (2013), Br J Surg, 100, 1664 - 1670

• How can we improve surgical research and innovation?: The IDEAL framework for action

  Journal article

  Hirst A. et al, (2013), International Journal of Surgery, 11, 1038 - 1042

• Strategies to reduce variation in the use of surgery.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2013), Lancet, 382, 1130 - 1139

• Understanding of regional variation in the use of surgery.

  Journal article

  Birkmeyer JD. et al, (2013), Lancet, 382, 1121 - 1129

• Consensus-based recommendations for investigating clinical heterogeneity in systematic reviews.

  Journal article

  Gagnier JJ. et al, (2013), BMC Med Res Methodol, 13

• A qualitative study comparing experiences of the surgical safety checklist in hospitals in high-income and low-income countries.

  Journal article

  Aveling EL. et al, (2013), BMJ Open, 3

• Comments on "Six things every plastic surgeon needs to know about teamwork training and checklists".

  Journal article

  Robertson ER. et al, (2013), Aesthet Surg J, 33

• IDEAL framework for surgical innovation 3: randomised controlled trials in the assessment stage and evaluations in the long term study stage.

  Journal article

  Cook JA. et al, (2013), BMJ, 346

• IDEAL framework for surgical innovation 2: observational studies in the exploration and assessment stages.

  Journal article

  Ergina PL. et al, (2013), BMJ, 346

• IDEAL framework for surgical innovation 1: the idea and development stages.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2013), BMJ, 346

• Developing a human factors curriculum for frontline staff training in the NHS

  Journal article

  Morgan L. et al, (2013), Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors 2013, 313 - 314

• Auditing performance - what does the tick in the box actually mean?

  Conference paper

  Robertson ER. et al, (2013), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 100, 25 - 25

• Translating patient safety concepts into practice with discussion cards

  Conference paper

  Kwon R. et al, (2013), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 100, 59 - 59

• Surgery or drugs for gastro-oesophageal reflux?

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2013), BMJ, 346

• Robotic surgery: revisiting "no innovation without evaluation".

  Journal article

  Paul S. et al, (2013), BMJ, 346

• How can we improve surgical research and innovation?: the IDEAL framework for action.

  Journal article

  Hirst A. et al, (2013), Int J Surg, 11, 1038 - 1042

• The EU's system for regulating medical devices.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2012), BMJ, 345

• Re: The use of propranolol in the management of periocular capillary haemangioma--a systematic review.

  Journal article

  Norris JH. and McCulloch PG., (2012), Eye (Lond), 26, 1275 - 1276

• Implantable device regulation in Europe.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2012), Lancet, 380

• Rating operating theatre teams-surgical NOTECHS

  Chapter

  Mishra A. et al, (2012), Safer Surgery: Analysing Behaviour in the Operating Theatre, 103 - 116

• Observing and categorising process deviations in orthopaedic surgery

  Journal article

  Morgan LJ. et al, (2011), Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 685 - 689

• A three-dimensional model of error and safety in surgical health care microsystems. Rationale, development and initial testing.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. and Catchpole K., (2011), BMC Surg, 11

• How to improve surgical research

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2011), BMJ, 343

• How to improve surgical research.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2011), BMJ, 343

• Wanted: An appropriate evaluation template

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2011), BMJ, 342

• Wanted: an appropriate evaluation template.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2011), BMJ, 342

• The IDEAL recommendations and urological innovation.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2011), World J Urol, 29, 331 - 336

• Control chart methods for monitoring surgical performance: a case study from gastro-oesophageal surgery.

  Journal article

  Collins GS. et al, (2011), Eur J Surg Oncol, 37, 473 - 480

• Interventions to improve teamwork and communications among healthcare staff.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2011), Br J Surg, 98, 469 - 479

• Human factors and ergonomics in surgical safety: That was then, this is now

  Conference paper

  Catchpole K. et al, (2011), HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS ERGONOMICS AND PATIENT SAFETY 2011: AN ALLIANCE BETWEEN PROFESSIONALS AND CITIZENS FOR PATIENT SAFETY AND QUALITY OF LIFE, 9 - 15

• Human factors in critical care: towards standardized integrated human-centred systems of work.

  Journal article

  Catchpole K. and McCulloch P., (2010), Curr Opin Crit Care, 16, 618 - 622

• Effect of a "Lean" intervention to improve safety processes and outcomes on a surgical emergency unit

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2010), BMJ (Online), 341, 1043 - 1046

• Effect of a "Lean" intervention to improve safety processes and outcomes on a surgical emergency unit (vol 341, pg c5469, 2010)

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. and Kreckler S., (2010), BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 341

• Quality Improvement Report Effect of a "Lean" intervention to improve safety processes and outcomes on a surgical emergency unit

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2010), BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 341

• Effect of a "Lean" intervention to improve safety processes and outcomes on a surgical emergency unit.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2010), BMJ, 341

• Innovation or regulation: IDEAL opportunity for consensus.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. and Schuller F., (2010), Lancet, 376, 1034 - 1036

• Patient handovers within the hospital: translating knowledge from motor racing to healthcare.

  Journal article

  Catchpole K. et al, (2010), Qual Saf Health Care, 19, 318 - 322

• Improving DVT prophylaxis using a "lean" approach: new solution to an old problem

  Conference paper

  Kreckler S. et al, (2010), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 97, 73 - 73

• Effect of a "lean" intervention to improve safety processes and outcomes on a surgical ward

  Conference paper

  Kreckler S. et al, (2010), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 97, 73 - 73

• Rating operating theatre teams - Surgical NOTECHS

  Chapter

  Mishra A. et al, (2009), Safer Surgery: Analysing Behaviour in the Operating Theatre, 103 - 115

• Quality and safety on an acute surgical ward: an exploratory cohort study of process and outcome.

  Journal article

  Kreckler S. et al, (2009), Ann Surg, 250, 1035 - 1040

• Incidents in anaesthesia: past occurrence and future avoidance.

  Journal article

  Catchpole K. and McCulloch P., (2009), J Perioper Pract, 19, 342 - 347

• No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2009), Lancet, 374, 1105 - 1112

• Evaluation and stages of surgical innovations.

  Journal article

  Barkun JS. et al, (2009), Lancet, 374, 1089 - 1096

• Challenges in evaluating surgical innovation.

  Journal article

  Ergina PL. et al, (2009), Lancet, 374, 1097 - 1104

• Surgical specialty, surgical unit volume and mortality after oesophageal cancer surgery.

  Journal article

  Leigh Y. et al, (2009), Eur J Surg Oncol, 35, 820 - 825

• The Oxford NOTECHS System: reliability and validity of a tool for measuring teamwork behaviour in the operating theatre.

  Journal article

  Mishra A. et al, (2009), Qual Saf Health Care, 18, 104 - 108

• The effects of aviation-style non-technical skills training on technical performance and outcome in the operating theatre.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2009), Qual Saf Health Care, 18, 109 - 115

• Factors influencing incident reporting in surgical care.

  Journal article

  Kreckler S. et al, (2009), Qual Saf Health Care, 18, 116 - 120

• Developing appropriate methodology for the study of surgical techniques.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2009), J R Soc Med, 102, 51 - 55

• Interruptions during drug rounds: an observational study.

  Journal article

  Kreckler S. et al, (2008), Br J Nurs, 17, 1326 - 1330

• Is team training in briefings for surgical teams feasible in simulation?

  Journal article

  Koutantji M. et al, (2008), Cognition, Technology and Work, 10, 275 - 285

• Teamwork and error in the operating room: analysis of skills and roles.

  Journal article

  Catchpole K. et al, (2008), Ann Surg, 247, 699 - 706

• Laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: early experience among the elderly.

  Journal article

  Singh KK. et al, (2008), Surg Endosc, 22, 1002 - 1007

• The influence of non-technical performance on technical outcome in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

  Journal article

  Mishra A. et al, (2008), Surg Endosc, 22, 68 - 73

• REDUCING ERRORS IN SURGICAL CARE: THEORY AND EVIDENCE

  Conference paper

  Catchpole K. et al, (2008), CONTEMPORARY ERGONOMICS 2008, 357 - 362

• Systematic review of minimally invasive resection for gastro-oesophageal cancer.

  Journal article

  Gemmill EH. and McCulloch P., (2007), Br J Surg, 94, 1461 - 1467

• Erratum: Patient harm in general surgery - A prospective study (Journal of Patient Safety (2007) 3, (22-26))

  Journal article

  Kaul AK. and McCulloch PG., (2007), Journal of Patient Safety, 3

• Patient harm in general surgery - A prospective study

  Journal article

  Kaul AK. and McCulloch PG., (2007), Journal of Patient Safety, 3, 22 - 26

• When are randomised trials unnecessary? Picking signal from noise.

  Journal article

  Glasziou P. et al, (2007), BMJ, 334, 349 - 351

• When are randomised trials unnecessary? Picking signal from noise Paul Glasziou and colleagues

  Journal article

  Glasziou P. et al, (2007), British Medical Journal, 334, 349 - 351

• Comparison of operative 30 & 90 day mortality between General Surgeons and Cardiothoracic Surgeons in England

  Conference paper

  Leigh Y. et al, (2007), ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, 14, 56 - 56

• Impact of socio-economic deprivation on death rates after surgery for upper gastrointestinal tract cancer.

  Journal article

  Leigh Y. et al, (2006), Br J Cancer, 95, 940 - 943

• Evidence-based surgery

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2006), Surgery, 24, 272 - 275

• Finding and appraising evidence.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. and Badenoch D., (2006), Surg Clin North Am, 86, 41 - viii

• Teaching evidence-based decision-making.

  Journal article

  Sevdalis N. and McCulloch P., (2006), Surg Clin North Am, 86, 59 - viii

• Surgical professionalism in the 21st century.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2006), Lancet, 367, 177 - 181

• The role of surgery in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2006), Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 20, 767 - 787

• Tolerance of uncertainty, extroversion, neuroticism and attitudes to randomized controlled trials among surgeons and physicians.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2005), Br J Surg, 92, 1293 - 1297

• Preoperative prediction of lymph node metastases in oesophageal and gastric surgery: a prospective multicentre study

  Conference paper

  Tekkis PP. et al, (2005), BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 92, 5 - 5

• Half full or half empty VATS?

  Journal article

  McCulloch P., (2004), BMJ, 329

• Marimastat as maintenance therapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer: a randomised trial.

  Journal article

  Bramhall SR. et al, (2002), Br J Cancer, 86, 1864 - 1870

• Randomised trials in surgery: problems and possible solutions.

  Journal article

  McCulloch P. et al, (2002), BMJ, 324, 1448 - 1451

Recent Publications

• CONSORT Statement for Randomized Trials of Nonpharmacologic Treatments: A 2017 Update and a CONSORT Extension for Nonpharmacologic Trial Abstracts.

  Journal article

  Boutron I. et al, (2017), Ann Intern Med, 167, 40 - 47

• Deriving optimal value from each system.

  Journal article

  Gray M. et al, (2017), J R Soc Med, 110, 283 - 286

• Hey, I Just Did a Better Operation! Toward an IDEAL Innovation Model.

  Journal article

  Sood A. et al, (2017), Ann Surg, 266

• Cross-sectional observational study of the availability of evidence supporting novel implantable devices used in gastrointestinal surgery.

  Journal article

  Chapman SJ. et al, (2017), Br J Surg, 104, 734 - 741

• Evaluation of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids: an IDEAL prospective exploration study.

  Journal article

  Chen J. et al, (2017), BJOG